MCQ-2: Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

Why is yeast used in bread-making?

Why are bacteria useful in biotechnology and genetic engineering?

With which kingdoms do bacteria share the same genetic code?

Bacteria are used in genetic engineering and biotechnology.
Bacteria are used because of the presence of which cell structure?

What is an example of genetic engineering?

The diagram shows an industrial fermenter used to produce penicillin.

What is a function of the part labelled X?

Genetic engineering involves various stages.

1.  human DNA is inserted into bacterial plasmid DNA
2.  recombinant plasmid inserted into bacteria
3.  restriction enzyme cuts bacterial plasmid DNA
4.  restriction enzyme cuts human DNA

What is the correct sequence for genetic engineering?

Insulin is now produced using genetically modified bacteria. Previously, diabetics were given insulin extracted from the pancreas of animals.
Why is the insulin from bacteria regarded as a better ethical choice?

Plasmids are often used in genetic engineering.
What is a plasmid?

Which part of a bacterial cell makes it useful in genetic engineering?

Which enzyme would be used in a biological washing powder?

Which chemical reaction is catalysed by maltase?

The diagram shows a bacterium.
Which structure is used in genetic engineering?

Penicillin is made in a fermenter by growing organisms.
Which type of organism is used in the production of penicillin?